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home·artworks·Return of the prodigal son
Return of the prodigal son by Jan Steen

plate no. 9778

Return of the prodigal son

Jan Steen, 1670

oil, canvasBaroquegenre paintingfiguresbuildingdoglandscapeservantscalf
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in figure drawing, composition, and rendering realistic textures with oil paints. It also provides an opportunity to study the use of light and shadow to create depth and drama.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
2

study guide

est. 30 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Create a preliminary sketch to establish the composition and proportions of the figures and objects.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main shapes and colors using thin washes of paint.

  3. step 03

    Establish the light source and begin to build up the values, focusing on the areas of greatest contrast.

  4. step 04

    Develop the details of the figures, including the faces, hands, and clothing.

  5. step 05

    Add texture to the surfaces of the objects, such as the stone steps, the dog's fur, and the calf's hide.

  6. step 06

    Refine the background landscape and architectural elements.

  7. step 07

    Glaze over the painting to unify the colors and create a sense of atmosphere.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to enhance the realism of the scene.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · yellow ochre · titanium white · cadmium red

secondary · ultramarine blue · ivory black · raw sienna

Mix various shades of brown and gray by combining burnt umber, yellow ochre, ivory black, and titanium white. Use ultramarine blue and cadmium red to create purplish tones for shadows and clothing.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·figure drawing
  • ·portraiture

common pitfalls

  • →Incorrect proportions of figures.
  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to establish a strong light source.
  • →Inaccurate color mixing.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·oil paints (burnt umber, yellow ochre, titanium white, cadmium red, ultramarine blue, ivory black, raw sienna)
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·palette
  • ·assorted brushes (round, flat, filbert)
  • ·palette knife
  • ·rags

optional

  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·medium (e.g. Liquin)

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A medium can be added to the paint to improve its flow and drying time.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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