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home·artworks·Marriage Contract
Marriage Contract by Jan Steen

plate no. 5404

Marriage Contract

Jan Steen, 1668

oil, canvasBaroquegenre paintingfiguresinteriorgenre scenemarriagetableobjects
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in figure drawing, composition, and rendering complex scenes with multiple light sources. It also provides practice in creating depth and atmosphere using glazing techniques.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
2

study guide

est. 30 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Create a preliminary sketch to establish the overall composition and placement of figures.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main shapes and values using thin washes of color.

  3. step 03

    Develop the background elements, paying attention to atmospheric perspective.

  4. step 04

    Begin building up the figures, starting with the larger forms and gradually adding details.

  5. step 05

    Focus on capturing the expressions and gestures of the figures.

  6. step 06

    Use glazing techniques to create depth and richness in the colors.

  7. step 07

    Add highlights and shadows to define the forms and create a sense of volume.

  8. step 08

    Refine the details and make any necessary adjustments to the composition.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · ivory black · titanium white

secondary · yellow ochre · cadmium red light · ultramarine blue

Achieve the warm, muted tones by mixing burnt umber, raw sienna, and ivory black with varying amounts of titanium white. Use small amounts of cadmium red and ultramarine blue to create subtle color variations.

techniques

  • ·underpainting
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·figure drawing

common pitfalls

  • →Getting lost in the details too early.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Overworking the colors and losing the freshness of the initial washes.
  • →Ignoring the importance of atmospheric perspective.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·odorless mineral spirits

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium (e.g., Liquin)
  • ·varnish

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A toned canvas (e.g., with a thin wash of burnt umber) can be helpful.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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