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Wheat Fields by Jacob van Ruisdael

plate no. 6835

Wheat Fields

Jacob van Ruisdael, 1670

canvas, oilBaroquelandscapeskycloudsfieldstreesroadfigures
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in atmospheric perspective and color mixing to create realistic landscapes. Students will also learn how to depict cloud formations and create depth in a scene.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Begin with a light sketch to map out the horizon line, major landforms, road, and cloud shapes.

  2. step 02

    Establish the sky with a base layer of light blue, then build up the clouds using various shades of gray and white, paying attention to light and shadow.

  3. step 03

    Block in the distant hills and trees with muted greens and browns, using lighter values for areas closer to the horizon.

  4. step 04

    Paint the fields with a base of yellow ochre, then add variations in color and value to suggest texture and depth.

  5. step 05

    Define the road with a mix of browns and grays, adding highlights and shadows to create a sense of form.

  6. step 06

    Add the figures and other details, such as the tree on the right, using small brushes and careful observation.

  7. step 07

    Refine the details and blend the colors to create a smooth, atmospheric effect.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to enhance the sense of depth and realism.

color palette

primary · ultramarine blue · titanium white · yellow ochre · burnt umber

secondary · raw sienna · payne's gray · cadmium yellow light

Mix various shades of gray for the clouds by combining white, ultramarine blue, and burnt umber. Achieve the field colors by mixing yellow ochre with small amounts of raw sienna and burnt umber.

techniques

  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·cloud rendering
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·blending

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the clouds and losing their soft, billowy quality.
  • →Creating too much contrast in the distant landscape, which will flatten the image.
  • →Failing to establish a clear sense of depth and perspective.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated, which will make the painting look unnatural.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·#2 round brush
  • ·#6 flat brush
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·raw sienna oil paint

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider using a pre-primed canvas to save time.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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