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home·artworks·The visitation
The visitation by Francisco Herrera

plate no. 9602

The visitation

Francisco Herrera

oilBaroquereligious paintingfiguresreligious scenerobesarchitecturesky
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students understand how to depict draped fabric and how to mix skin tones with subtle variations. Students will also learn to create depth through atmospheric perspective.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement and proportions of the figures.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main color areas for the background, figures, and drapery.

  3. step 03

    Start refining the skin tones, paying attention to highlights and shadows.

  4. step 04

    Develop the folds and details of the drapery, using darker and lighter values to create form.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the background architecture and the figure in the window.

  6. step 06

    Refine the facial features and expressions of the figures.

  7. step 07

    Glaze thin layers of color to unify the painting and add depth.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and details to complete the painting.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · titanium white · ultramarine blue · cadmium red

secondary · yellow ochre · ivory black

Mix skin tones using white, red, yellow ochre, and a touch of burnt umber. Achieve the blue-gray tones of the robes by mixing ultramarine blue with burnt umber and white. Create a range of browns by mixing burnt umber with yellow ochre and small amounts of red or blue.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·blending
  • ·scumbling

common pitfalls

  • →Overmixing colors, resulting in muddy tones.
  • →Failing to accurately depict the proportions of the figures.
  • →Ignoring the subtle variations in skin tones.
  • →Creating drapery that looks flat and lifeless.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·cadmium red oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·assorted brushes (round and flat)

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·medium gloss

Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Consider using a toned ground to speed up the painting process.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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