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home·artworks·The Kitchen
The Kitchen by James McNeill Whistler

plate no. 7450

The Kitchen

James McNeill Whistler, 1858

watercolorRealismgenre paintingkitchenfigureinteriorstovepotsshelves
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in loose watercolor washes and creating depth through value and atmospheric perspective. It also encourages simplification of complex scenes into essential shapes and tones.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 6 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Lightly sketch the main shapes and composition, focusing on proportions.

  2. step 02

    Apply a light wash of diluted raw sienna or similar earth tone across the entire paper.

  3. step 03

    Define the darkest areas (oven opening, shadows) with a concentrated mix of burnt umber and a touch of black.

  4. step 04

    Build up mid-tones in the walls, stove, and figure using washes of varying dilutions of raw sienna and burnt umber.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the shelves and objects using a smaller brush and slightly darker values.

  6. step 06

    Use dry brush technique to create texture on the walls and stove.

  7. step 07

    Lift color with a clean, damp brush to create highlights and soften edges.

  8. step 08

    Add final details and refine the composition.

color palette

primary · raw sienna · burnt umber · ivory black

secondary · white (for lifting color) · light red

Achieve the various tones by diluting the primary colors with water. Mix burnt umber and black for the darkest areas. Use white to lift color and create highlights.

techniques

  • ·watercolor washes
  • ·dry brush
  • ·lifting color
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·simplified shapes

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details
  • →Making the darks too opaque too early
  • →Losing the sense of light and atmosphere
  • →Not diluting the paint enough for initial washes

materials

surface · watercolor paper 140lb

required

  • ·watercolor paper 140lb
  • ·watercolor paints (raw sienna, burnt umber, ivory black)
  • ·round brushes (various sizes)
  • ·water container
  • ·palette
  • ·paper towels

optional

  • ·masking fluid
  • ·palette knife
  • ·spray bottle

Use a good quality watercolor paper that can handle multiple washes. Experiment with different brush sizes to achieve varying levels of detail.

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related guides

watercolor techniques →how to learn by studying the masters →
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