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St. Paul by Diego Velázquez

plate no. 9683

St. Paul

Diego Velázquez, 1620

oil, canvasBaroquereligious paintingfigureportraitreligiousbearddraperybook
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, particularly in rendering realistic skin tones and creating depth through subtle value changes. It also provides practice in painting drapery and capturing the texture of fabric.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on proportions and placement of the figure and book.

  2. step 02

    Establish the background with a thin layer of dark brown paint.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main shapes of the figure and drapery with mid-tone browns and grays.

  4. step 04

    Begin building up the skin tones, using layers of thin paint and subtle color variations.

  5. step 05

    Add highlights and shadows to the face to create depth and dimension.

  6. step 06

    Refine the details of the beard and hair, using small brushstrokes to create texture.

  7. step 07

    Work on the drapery, paying attention to the folds and highlights.

  8. step 08

    Add final details and adjust values as needed.

color palette

primary · raw umber · burnt umber · titanium white

secondary · raw sienna · cadmium red light

Achieve skin tones by mixing white with small amounts of burnt umber, raw sienna, and cadmium red light. Use varying ratios to create highlights and shadows. Mix browns with black and white for the drapery.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·portraiture
  • ·drapery

common pitfalls

  • →Overmixing colors, resulting in muddy tones.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Getting lost in details too early in the process.
  • →Ignoring the subtle color variations in the skin tones.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·raw umber oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·cadmium red light oil paint
  • ·round brushes (various sizes)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium (e.g., Liquin)
  • ·varnish

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A pre-toned canvas can be helpful.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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