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home·artworks·St. Matthew
St. Matthew by Frans Hals

plate no. 9014

St. Matthew

Frans Hals, 1625

oil, canvasBaroquereligious paintingfigurebookbeardreligiousportraitchild
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, particularly rendering realistic skin tones and textures, as well as understanding chiaroscuro to create dramatic lighting effects.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Create a preliminary sketch to establish the composition and proportions of the figures and the book.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main shapes and values using thin washes of color, focusing on the overall light and shadow patterns.

  3. step 03

    Begin building up the skin tones with layers of warm and cool colors, paying attention to the subtle variations in value.

  4. step 04

    Develop the details of the beard and hair, using a variety of brushstrokes to create texture and depth.

  5. step 05

    Refine the details of the book, including the pages and binding, using precise brushwork.

  6. step 06

    Adjust the overall values and contrast to create a sense of drama and depth.

  7. step 07

    Add final highlights and details to bring the painting to life.

  8. step 08

    Let dry and varnish.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · titanium white · yellow ochre

secondary · ivory black · cadmium red light · ultramarine blue

Achieve the warm skin tones by mixing burnt umber, raw sienna, and titanium white, with small amounts of cadmium red light for warmth. Use ivory black and ultramarine blue to create cool shadows.

techniques

  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·portraiture

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated or unnatural.
  • →Ignoring the subtle variations in skin tone.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·round brushes (#2, #4, #6)
  • ·flat brushes (#4, #8)

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·medium gloss

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to create a warmer base for the painting.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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