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home·artworks·Sanford Robinson Gifford
Sanford Robinson Gifford by Eastman Johnson

plate no. 0766

Sanford Robinson Gifford

Eastman Johnson, 1880

oilRealismportraitportraitfiguremanclothingbeardhair
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, including capturing likeness and rendering form with subtle value changes. It also provides practice in creating a sense of depth and atmosphere through soft brushwork.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes and proportions of the head, shoulders, and clothing.

  2. step 02

    Establish the overall value structure with a thin wash of burnt umber or a similar earth tone.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main areas of color, focusing on the skin tones, hair, and clothing.

  4. step 04

    Refine the facial features, paying close attention to the highlights and shadows.

  5. step 05

    Develop the details of the clothing and background, using soft brushstrokes to create a sense of atmosphere.

  6. step 06

    Add highlights to the hair and beard to create texture and dimension.

  7. step 07

    Adjust the overall values and colors to create a harmonious and balanced composition.

  8. step 08

    Add final details and refine edges as needed.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · titanium white · ivory black

secondary · cadmium red light · yellow ochre

Mix various shades of brown and gray by combining burnt umber, raw sienna, and ivory black with titanium white. Add small amounts of cadmium red light and yellow ochre to warm up the skin tones.

techniques

  • ·underpainting
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·soft blending
  • ·chiaroscuro

common pitfalls

  • →Getting the proportions wrong in the initial sketch.
  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Creating harsh or unnatural skin tones.
  • →Failing to create a sense of depth and atmosphere.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·round brushes (various sizes)
  • ·flat brushes (various sizes)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·odorless mineral spirits

Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to speed up the underpainting process.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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