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Saint Paul by Diego Velázquez

plate no. 0008

Saint Paul

Diego Velázquez, 1620

oil, canvasBaroquereligious paintingportraitfigurebeardreligious figureold man
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, particularly in capturing likeness and using chiaroscuro to model form. It also provides practice in rendering textures like skin and hair with visible brushstrokes.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
5

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic proportions and placement of the head, shoulders, and beard.

  2. step 02

    Establish the darkest areas of the background and clothing with a dark brown or black.

  3. step 03

    Block in the mid-tones of the face, using a mix of browns, reds, and yellows.

  4. step 04

    Begin to define the light areas on the face, paying attention to the planes and contours.

  5. step 05

    Add highlights to the forehead, nose, and cheekbones.

  6. step 06

    Start working on the beard, using a combination of dark and light grays to create texture.

  7. step 07

    Refine the details of the eyes, nose, and mouth.

  8. step 08

    Add final touches and glazes to unify the painting.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · ivory black · titanium white

secondary · cadmium red light · yellow ochre

Achieve the skin tones by mixing burnt umber, raw sienna, cadmium red light, and titanium white. Vary the proportions to create different shades and highlights. Use ivory black and burnt umber for the dark background and shadows.

techniques

  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·glazing
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·portraiture

common pitfalls

  • →Over-blending the skin tones, resulting in a flat, lifeless appearance.
  • →Failing to accurately capture the proportions and likeness of the subject.
  • →Making the beard too uniform and lacking in texture.
  • →Ignoring the subtle variations in value and color.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·cadmium red light oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·mahogany palette

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A toned canvas (e.g., with a thin wash of burnt umber) can be helpful.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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