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home·artworks·Portrait of Mariana of Austria, Queen of Spain
Portrait of Mariana of Austria, Queen of Spain by Diego Velázquez

plate no. 7053

Portrait of Mariana of Austria, Queen of Spain

Diego Velázquez, 1657

oil, canvasBaroqueportraitportraitfigureclothinghairfeathersroyal
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, including capturing likeness and rendering fabric textures. It also provides practice in subtle color mixing and creating a sense of depth through value changes.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes and proportions of the figure, focusing on the head, shoulders, and overall pose.

  2. step 02

    Block in the background with a dark, neutral color.

  3. step 03

    Establish the main values of the face, hair, and clothing, using a limited palette of browns, whites, and reds.

  4. step 04

    Begin to refine the facial features, paying close attention to the subtle variations in skin tone.

  5. step 05

    Develop the details of the hair, using short, directional brushstrokes to create texture and volume.

  6. step 06

    Render the clothing, focusing on the folds and highlights to create a sense of depth and form.

  7. step 07

    Add the details of the jewelry and feathers, using small brushes and precise strokes.

  8. step 08

    Make final adjustments to the values and colors, ensuring a harmonious and balanced composition.

color palette

primary · ivory black · burnt umber · titanium white · cadmium red light

secondary · yellow ochre · raw sienna

Mix various shades of brown by combining burnt umber, ivory black, and yellow ochre. Create skin tones by mixing cadmium red light, titanium white, and a touch of burnt umber. Use white to lighten and create highlights.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·blending
  • ·chiaroscuro

common pitfalls

  • →Incorrect proportions of the face
  • →Overly harsh or muddy colors
  • →Lack of attention to detail in the hair and clothing
  • →Ignoring the subtle value changes in the skin tones

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·cadmium red light oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to simplify the initial blocking-in stage.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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