Pope Clement IX

approach — 8 steps

color palette

primary · red · ivory black · titanium white · raw umber

secondary · yellow ochre · burnt sienna · ultramarine blue

Mix various shades of red by combining red with ivory black for shadows and titanium white for highlights. Use yellow ochre and raw umber to create the base skin tone, then add small amounts of red, blue, and white for subtle variations.

techniques

• ·portraiture
• ·glazing
• ·chiaroscuro
• ·blending
• ·layering

common pitfalls

• →Getting the proportions wrong in the initial sketch.
• →Overworking the skin tones and creating a muddy effect.
• →Failing to capture the subtle variations in light and shadow.
• →Not paying enough attention to the details of the robe and other elements.