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home·artworks·Notre-Dame de Paris
Notre-Dame de Paris by Johan Jongkind

plate no. 0373

Notre-Dame de Paris

Johan Jongkind, 1854

oilRealismcityscapebuildingsriverbridgeskyfigurescityscape
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in atmospheric perspective and capturing reflections in water. It also provides practice in simplifying complex architectural forms into basic shapes.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes of the buildings, bridge, and riverbank, focusing on proportions and perspective.

  2. step 02

    Establish the horizon line and the overall composition.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main color masses: sky, water, buildings, and ground.

  4. step 04

    Develop the sky with subtle gradations of color to create depth.

  5. step 05

    Add reflections in the water, paying attention to their distortion and color.

  6. step 06

    Refine the details of the buildings and bridge, simplifying the architectural elements.

  7. step 07

    Add figures and other small details to create a sense of scale and activity.

  8. step 08

    Adjust values and colors to create a cohesive and atmospheric effect.

color palette

primary · gray · blue-gray · brown · cream

secondary · red-brown · dark green · light blue

Achieve the muted tones by mixing complementary colors (e.g., blue and orange, green and red) with white. Use thin washes of color to build up layers and create depth.

techniques

  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·wet-on-dry layering
  • ·broken color
  • ·scumbling
  • ·simplified architectural rendering

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking details in the buildings
  • →Creating too much contrast in the water reflections
  • →Failing to establish a clear sense of depth
  • →Using colors that are too saturated

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·oil paints (gray, blue-gray, brown, cream, red-brown, dark green, light blue)
  • ·palette
  • ·palette knife
  • ·assorted brushes (round and flat)
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·painting easel
  • ·rags

Use a limited palette to achieve color harmony. Thin the oil paints with turpentine for the initial layers and add linseed oil for subsequent layers.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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