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home·artworks·Migrating gypsies
Migrating gypsies by August von Pettenkofen

plate no. 8136

Migrating gypsies

August von Pettenkofen, 1856

oilRealismgenre paintingfigureshorseswagonlandscapeskytravel
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in depicting figures and animals in motion, as well as creating a sense of depth and atmosphere in a landscape. Students will also learn to mix subtle earth tones and create texture with brushstrokes.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, paying attention to the placement of the figures, horses, and wagon.

  2. step 02

    Block in the large areas of color, starting with the sky and ground.

  3. step 03

    Begin to define the shapes of the figures and animals, using a limited palette of earth tones.

  4. step 04

    Add details to the figures and animals, such as facial features, clothing, and harnesses.

  5. step 05

    Create texture in the ground and sky with broken brushstrokes.

  6. step 06

    Add highlights and shadows to create a sense of depth and dimension.

  7. step 07

    Refine the details and make any necessary adjustments.

  8. step 08

    Add final details and highlights.

color palette

primary · raw umber · burnt sienna · titanium white

secondary · ultramarine blue · yellow ochre

Mix earth tones by combining raw umber, burnt sienna, and white. Use ultramarine blue to create the sky and shadows. Add yellow ochre to warm up the earth tones.

techniques

  • ·dry brush texture
  • ·scumbling
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·limited palette
  • ·alla prima

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details.
  • →Using too many colors.
  • →Failing to create a sense of depth.
  • →Incorrect proportions of figures and animals.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·raw umber oil paint
  • ·burnt sienna oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·#4 round brush
  • ·#6 flat brush

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·odorless mineral spirits

Use a medium-grit canvas for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to speed up the painting process.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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