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home·artworks·Landscape with Armed Men
Landscape with Armed Men by Salvator Rosa

plate no. 8298

Landscape with Armed Men

Salvator Rosa, 1640

oilBaroquegenre paintinglandscapefigurestreesmountainswatersoldiers
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in atmospheric perspective and rendering complex figures within a landscape. It also provides practice in creating a sense of depth and drama through light and shadow.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 25 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Begin with a light sketch to establish the overall composition and placement of figures and landscape elements.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main areas of light and shadow using thin washes of color.

  3. step 03

    Develop the background landscape, focusing on creating depth through atmospheric perspective.

  4. step 04

    Refine the figures, paying attention to anatomy, drapery, and facial expressions.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the trees, rocks, and other landscape elements.

  6. step 06

    Glaze areas to unify the colors and create a sense of atmosphere.

  7. step 07

    Add highlights and shadows to enhance the form and create a sense of drama.

  8. step 08

    Refine the edges and details to complete the painting.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · titanium white · ultramarine blue

secondary · yellow ochre · ivory black · cadmium red light

Achieve the earthy tones by mixing burnt umber, raw sienna, and white. Use ultramarine blue and white for the sky and distant mountains. Add small amounts of cadmium red to warm up certain areas.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·figure drawing

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to establish a strong sense of light and shadow.
  • →Ignoring the principles of atmospheric perspective.
  • →Getting lost in the details and losing sight of the overall composition.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·flat brushes (sizes 4, 8)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·turpentine
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·medium gloss

Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Consider toning the canvas with a thin wash of burnt umber before starting.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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