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home·artworks·Kings of the Visigoths
Kings of the Visigoths by Alonzo Cano

plate no. 0951

Kings of the Visigoths

Alonzo Cano, 1640

oil, canvasBaroqueportraitfiguresportraitskingsrobescrownsthrones
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, fabric rendering, and creating a sense of depth through layering and glazing. It also provides practice in capturing realistic skin tones and textures.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 25 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on proportions and placement of the figures.

  2. step 02

    Establish the background with broad, dark tones, leaving space for the figures.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main shapes of the figures and their robes with simplified color masses.

  4. step 04

    Begin refining the facial features, paying close attention to light and shadow.

  5. step 05

    Develop the details of the robes, crowns, and other accessories, adding texture and highlights.

  6. step 06

    Glaze layers of color to build depth and richness in the shadows and mid-tones.

  7. step 07

    Add final highlights and details to create a sense of realism and polish.

  8. step 08

    Varnish the painting after it is completely dry to protect the surface and enhance the colors.

color palette

primary · ivory black · titanium white · yellow ochre · burnt umber

secondary · cadmium red · ultramarine blue · emerald green

Mix various shades of skin tones using white, yellow ochre, burnt umber, and a touch of red. Create the robe colors by mixing blues, greens, and whites, adjusting the ratios for different shades.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·fabric rendering

common pitfalls

  • →Getting the proportions of the figures wrong.
  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to create a sense of depth through layering.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated or unrealistic.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·oil paints (ivory black, titanium white, yellow ochre, burnt umber, cadmium red, ultramarine blue, emerald green)
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·palette
  • ·assorted brushes (round and flat)
  • ·palette knife
  • ·rags

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·easel

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Allow each layer to dry before applying the next.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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