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home·artworks·King Charles X Gustav of Sweden
King Charles X Gustav of Sweden by Sébastien Bourdon

plate no. 0009

King Charles X Gustav of Sweden

Sébastien Bourdon, 1653

oilBaroqueportraitportraitfigurearmorclothingcolumnmale
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, including capturing likeness and rendering realistic skin tones, as well as understanding how to depict different textures like fabric and metal.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes and proportions of the figure, focusing on accurate placement of the head, shoulders, and arms.

  2. step 02

    Establish the background with a dark, muted tone, paying attention to the subtle variations in value.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main areas of color for the face, hair, clothing, and armor, using thin washes of paint.

  4. step 04

    Begin to refine the facial features, paying close attention to the highlights and shadows to create form.

  5. step 05

    Develop the details of the clothing and armor, using layering and glazing techniques to create depth and texture.

  6. step 06

    Add the highlights and details to the hair, using small brushstrokes to create a sense of movement.

  7. step 07

    Refine the background and add any final details, such as the column and the sword.

  8. step 08

    Glaze the entire painting with a thin layer of medium to unify the colors and add a subtle sheen.

color palette

primary · ivory black · ultramarine blue · raw umber · titanium white

secondary · cadmium yellow · burnt sienna · alizarin crimson

Achieve skin tones by mixing white, yellow, red, and a touch of umber. Create the dark background by mixing black and umber with small amounts of blue or red to avoid a flat, lifeless color.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·layering

common pitfalls

  • →Incorrect proportions in the initial sketch can lead to an inaccurate likeness.
  • →Overblending can result in a flat, lifeless appearance.
  • →Neglecting the subtle variations in value can make the painting look unrealistic.
  • →Using too much paint in the initial layers can make it difficult to add details later.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·raw umber oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·flat brushes (sizes 4, 8)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retouch varnish

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Allow each layer of paint to dry before applying the next.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →chiaroscuro →how to learn by studying the masters →
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