plate no. 6633
King Casimir the Great
Marcello Bacciarelli, 1796
experienced study
This painting provides practice in rendering figures in a crowd and creating a sense of depth through atmospheric perspective. Students can also learn about historical painting techniques and color palettes.
technical profile
palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
2
study guide
est. 20 hrsapproach — 8 steps
- step 01
Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the main figures and the architectural elements.
- step 02
Establish the background cityscape with light washes of muted colors.
- step 03
Block in the main figures with simplified shapes and values, paying attention to their gestures and poses.
- step 04
Develop the details of the king's figure, including his crown, robe, and facial features.
- step 05
Add details to the surrounding figures, varying their expressions and clothing.
- step 06
Refine the architectural details, such as the archway and steps.
- step 07
Adjust the values and colors to create depth and atmosphere.
- step 08
Add final highlights and details to enhance the realism of the painting.
color palette
primary · yellow ochre · burnt umber · titanium white
secondary · cadmium red · ultramarine blue · raw sienna
Mix muted tones by combining complementary colors. Use white to create highlights and thin glazes to build up color depth.
techniques
- ·glazing
- ·scumbling
- ·atmospheric perspective
- ·figure drawing
- ·portraiture
common pitfalls
- →Overworking details too early
- →Incorrect proportions of figures
- →Failing to create a sense of depth
- →Muddying colors by overmixing
materials
surface · stretched canvas
required
- ·stretched canvas
- ·oil paints
- ·linseed oil
- ·turpentine
- ·palette
- ·assorted brushes
- ·palette knife
optional
- ·medium gloss
- ·retouch varnish
- ·easel
Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Consider using a toned ground to create a warmer base for the painting.
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