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Construction workers by Theophile Steinlen

plate no. 8202

Construction workers

Theophile Steinlen

oilRealismgenre paintingfiguresmenbuildingbrick wallhatsclothing
some experience helpful

This painting helps students practice painting figures in a limited palette and capturing a sense of atmosphere through loose brushwork. Students will also learn to simplify details and focus on overall form and value relationships.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 8 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes and placement of the figures and the building in the background using light pencil lines.

  2. step 02

    Establish the overall value structure by blocking in the main areas of light and shadow with thin washes of color.

  3. step 03

    Begin to refine the shapes of the figures, paying attention to their proportions and gestures.

  4. step 04

    Develop the background, suggesting the brick wall and the figures in the distance with loose, gestural brushstrokes.

  5. step 05

    Mix and apply local colors to the figures' clothing and skin tones, using a limited palette of earth tones.

  6. step 06

    Add details such as the hats, facial features, and folds in the clothing, but avoid overworking them.

  7. step 07

    Adjust the values and colors throughout the painting to create a sense of depth and atmosphere.

  8. step 08

    Add final touches and highlights to bring the painting to life.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · titanium white

secondary · cadmium red light · yellow ochre

Achieve skin tones by mixing burnt umber, raw sienna, and titanium white. Use small amounts of cadmium red light to warm up the skin tones. Mix yellow ochre with white and a touch of umber for the lighter clothing.

techniques

  • ·alla prima
  • ·dry brush
  • ·scumbling
  • ·limited palette
  • ·value study

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details and losing the loose, painterly quality.
  • →Creating muddy colors by overmixing.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Ignoring the proportions and gestures of the figures.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas (12x16 inches)
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·cadmium red light oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·turpentine or odorless mineral spirits
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·assorted brushes (round and flat)

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel

Use a canvas with a medium texture to allow for better brushwork. Consider using a toned canvas to establish a base color.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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