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home·artworks·Concert of Bilse
Concert of Bilse by Adolph Menzel

plate no. 0337

Concert of Bilse

Adolph Menzel, 1871

gouache, paperRealismgenre paintingorchestraaudienceinteriorfiguresarchitectureconcert
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in depicting complex scenes with many figures and capturing the atmosphere of a crowded space using loose, expressive brushstrokes. It also provides practice in creating depth and perspective through variations in color and value.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
5
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
2

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Begin with a light sketch to establish the overall composition and placement of the orchestra and audience.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main areas of color, focusing on the background architecture and the general tones of the figures.

  3. step 03

    Develop the orchestra section, adding details to the instruments and the musicians' forms using short, broken brushstrokes.

  4. step 04

    Work on the audience section, suggesting individual figures with loose, gestural marks and varying skin tones.

  5. step 05

    Add highlights and shadows to create depth and dimension, paying attention to the light source.

  6. step 06

    Refine the details in the foreground, such as the tables and glasses, to create a sense of immediacy.

  7. step 07

    Use a dry brush technique to add texture and detail to the architecture and clothing.

  8. step 08

    Step back and assess the overall balance and harmony of the painting, making any necessary adjustments.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · ivory black · titanium white · yellow ochre

secondary · viridian green · cadmium red light · ultramarine blue

Achieve the muted tones by mixing the primary colors with white and small amounts of secondary colors. Use varying amounts of white to create different values.

techniques

  • ·dry brush
  • ·scumbling
  • ·broken color
  • ·alla prima
  • ·atmospheric perspective

common pitfalls

  • →Getting bogged down in details too early.
  • →Overworking the painting and losing the freshness of the brushstrokes.
  • →Failing to establish a clear value structure.
  • →Ignoring the importance of atmospheric perspective.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·acrylic gesso
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·painting medium

A toned canvas (e.g., with a thin wash of burnt umber) can be helpful for establishing a warm undertone.

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