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home·artworks·Building Site with Willows
Building Site with Willows by Adolph Menzel

plate no. 7850

Building Site with Willows

Adolph Menzel, 1846

oilRealismlandscapetreeslandscapebuildingskyfigureshorse
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in layering colors to create depth and texture, and in simplifying complex scenes into manageable shapes and values. It also provides practice in depicting foliage and atmospheric perspective.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 10 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the trees, building, and horizon line.

  2. step 02

    Establish the sky with a thin wash of blue and gray, blending the colors softly.

  3. step 03

    Block in the large shapes of the trees with dark greens and browns, paying attention to the overall form.

  4. step 04

    Add the building with a mix of red, orange, and brown, indicating the light and shadow.

  5. step 05

    Develop the foreground with greens and browns, suggesting the grass and path.

  6. step 06

    Layer lighter greens and yellows on the trees to create highlights and texture.

  7. step 07

    Add details to the building and figures, using small brushstrokes.

  8. step 08

    Refine the overall painting, adjusting values and adding subtle color variations.

color palette

primary · sap green · burnt umber · cerulean blue

secondary · yellow ochre · cadmium red light · titanium white

Mix greens by combining blue and yellow with touches of brown. Create variations in the building's color by adding white or burnt umber to the red. Use white to lighten the sky and create highlights.

techniques

  • ·layering
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·broken color

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early
  • →Making the colors too saturated
  • →Ignoring the atmospheric perspective
  • →Losing the overall composition

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·acrylic or oil paints
  • ·#4 round brush
  • ·#8 flat brush
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil or acrylic medium
  • ·palette knife

optional

  • ·painting easel
  • ·rags
  • ·odorless mineral spirits

Use a medium-sized canvas to allow for sufficient detail. Consider using a toned canvas to establish a base color.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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