
plate no. 7528
James McNeill Whistler, 1863
Recreating this painting will develop skills in capturing atmospheric perspective and simplifying complex scenes into basic shapes and values. Students will also learn to create subtle color variations with a limited palette.
technical profile
approach — 8 steps
Lightly sketch the basic composition, focusing on the horizon line and the placement of major elements like the boats and buildings.
Establish the overall value structure by blocking in the sky, water, and land with thin washes of color.
Begin to define the shapes of the buildings and boats, paying attention to their relative sizes and positions.
Add details to the boats and docks, using thicker paint and more visible brushstrokes.
Create the reflections in the water, using horizontal strokes and slightly darker values.
Refine the sky, adding subtle variations in color and value to create a sense of depth.
Add the figures on the docks, using small, quick brushstrokes.
Make final adjustments to the colors and values, ensuring that the painting has a cohesive and harmonious feel.
color palette
primary · raw umber · titanium white · yellow ochre
secondary · burnt sienna · cadmium red light · ivory black
Achieve the muted tones by mixing the primary colors with small amounts of black and white. Use burnt sienna to create warm browns and reds, and yellow ochre to create subtle yellows and greens.
techniques
common pitfalls
surface · stretched canvas
required
optional
Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Consider toning the canvas with a thin wash of raw umber before beginning to paint.
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