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home·artworks·William Vassall and His Son Leonard
William Vassall and His Son Leonard by John Singleton Copley

plate no. 6253

William Vassall and His Son Leonard

John Singleton Copley, 1772

oilNeoclassicismportraitportraitfiguresclothingchairbookhistorical
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, including capturing likeness and rendering realistic skin tones, as well as understanding how to create depth and form through subtle value changes.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Begin with a light sketch to establish the composition and proportions of the figures and chair.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main areas of color, focusing on the background, clothing, and skin tones.

  3. step 03

    Develop the values within each area, using layering and blending to create smooth transitions.

  4. step 04

    Refine the details of the faces, paying close attention to the eyes, nose, and mouth.

  5. step 05

    Add highlights and shadows to create form and dimension.

  6. step 06

    Work on the details of the clothing, including the ruffles, buttons, and folds.

  7. step 07

    Paint the chair and the book, paying attention to the textures and details.

  8. step 08

    Make final adjustments to the values, colors, and details to achieve a cohesive and realistic painting.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · ivory black · titanium white · cadmium red

secondary · ultramarine blue · yellow ochre

Mix various shades of brown and red for the clothing and background. Use white to lighten the skin tones and create highlights. Mix blue and white for the boy's jacket.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·layering
  • ·blending
  • ·value control
  • ·glazing

common pitfalls

  • →Incorrect proportions of the figures
  • →Uneven skin tones
  • →Lack of depth and dimension
  • →Overworking the details

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·oil paints
  • ·palette
  • ·assorted brushes
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·palette knife

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·varnish

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A medium-sized canvas (16x20 or larger) is recommended.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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