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home·artworks·The Chapel
The Chapel by Arnold Böcklin

plate no. 1802

The Chapel

Arnold Böcklin, 1898

oil, canvasSymbolismlandscaperuinsoceanwavesarchitectureskybirds
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in creating atmospheric perspective and rendering complex textures like crumbling brick and turbulent water. It also encourages the use of a limited palette to create a cohesive mood.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes of the ruins and the horizon line.

  2. step 02

    Establish the dark background sky with a thin wash of dark brown and black.

  3. step 03

    Block in the large areas of the building with mid-tone browns and grays, paying attention to the light source.

  4. step 04

    Begin layering in details on the building, such as individual bricks and cracks, using a small brush.

  5. step 05

    Start defining the waves with dark greens and blues, adding highlights with white and light green.

  6. step 06

    Add the foam and spray of the waves using short, broken brushstrokes of white.

  7. step 07

    Refine the details of the building and the water, adjusting values and adding highlights.

  8. step 08

    Add the birds in the window as a final detail.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · titanium white · ultramarine blue

secondary · ivory black · yellow ochre · viridian green

Mix various shades of brown and gray by combining burnt umber, raw sienna, and titanium white. Add small amounts of ultramarine blue or ivory black to cool the tones. Create greens by mixing ultramarine blue and yellow ochre.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·chiaroscuro

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure
  • →Making the water look flat and lifeless
  • →Ignoring the atmospheric perspective

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·flat brush (size 8)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·medium

Use a medium-grit canvas to allow for better texture. Consider using a toned canvas to establish a base color.

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