
plate no. 8083
Victor Hugo, 1855
approach — 8 steps
Lightly sketch the basic shapes of the buildings, rocks, and horizon line using a pencil.
Apply a thin wash of diluted gray/brown to the entire surface to create a base tone.
Using a darker shade of gray/brown, begin to define the shapes of the rocks and buildings, focusing on areas of shadow.
Use a dry brush technique with dark brown or black to add texture and detail to the rocks and buildings.
Create the sky by blending lighter shades of gray/brown, leaving some areas lighter to suggest light.
Add details to the water using horizontal strokes of gray/brown and touches of blue.
Use a fine brush to add small details like windows and architectural elements.
Refine the values and add final touches to enhance the atmospheric perspective.
color palette
primary · ivory black · raw umber
secondary · payne's gray · titanium white
Mix ivory black with raw umber to create various shades of gray/brown. Use titanium white to lighten the values and create highlights. Payne's gray can be added to the water to create a subtle blue tint.
techniques
common pitfalls
surface · stretched canvas
required
optional
Using a textured canvas can enhance the dry brush effect. Experiment with different brush sizes to achieve varying levels of detail.
tips & new artworks in your inbox
no spam — unsubscribe anytime.
or to save artworks, chat, and track progress