Dona Filipa de Vilhena knighting her sons

approach — 8 steps

color palette

primary · ivory black · yellow ochre · burnt umber · titanium white

secondary · cadmium red · ultramarine blue · raw sienna

Mix various shades of brown and gray by combining burnt umber, ivory black, and titanium white. Achieve skin tones by blending yellow ochre, cadmium red, and titanium white. Create the off-white fabrics by mixing titanium white with a touch of burnt umber or yellow ochre.

techniques

• ·figure drawing
• ·glazing
• ·underpainting
• ·chiaroscuro
• ·fabric rendering

common pitfalls

• →Incorrect proportions of figures.
• →Overly saturated colors.
• →Lack of depth and atmosphere.
• →Inconsistent lighting.