Self-portrait with bottle of wine

surface prep

The canvas should be sized with a white ground, such as cheese paste (caséine) or gesso, to ensure the surface is impervious to oil and provides a neutral base for color judgment (Source 1). Munch’s period conventions suggest a smooth to moderately textured ground to allow for both broad masses and finer details. The white sizing helps maintain the lightness of tones and prevents oil from penetrating too deeply into the canvas fibers (Source 1).

underdrawing

Munch likely began with a rough sketch in thin oil or charcoal to establish the general form and likeness, as was common for portrait artists when the sitter’s time was limited (Source 2). Given that this is a self-portrait, Munch may have used a mirror, resulting in a reversed image unless he deliberately corrected it (Source 2). The underdrawing would focus on the face and hands first, with the background and clothing added later (Source 2).

underpainting

A monochrome underpainting (grisaille) may have been used to establish values before applying color. This technique involves painting in black, white, and ultramarine to create a tonal foundation, which is then glazed with transparent colors (Source 4). This method allows for greater control over light and shadow, aligning with Munch’s interest in atmospheric effects and emotional depth.

Glazing

Used to build transparent layers of color, enhancing depth and luminosity. Munch’s use of glazing aligns with traditional oil painting methods described in Source 4.

Scumbling

Applied to create texture and atmospheric effects, particularly in the background and clothing. This technique helps to convey the emotional tone of the painting.

Symbolic Color Use

Munch used color expressively to convey psychological states, such as anxiety and despair. The red of the wine bottle and the blue of the background create a stark contrast, emphasizing the emotional tension.