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home·artworks·A nook of old Yerevan
A nook of old Yerevan by Martiros Sarian

plate no. 4928

A nook of old Yerevan

Martiros Sarian, 1928

oil, canvasExpressionismcityscapebuildingsfigurescityscapeskytreesdonkey

recreation guide

Martiros Sarian’s 'A nook of old Yerevan' (1928) is a cityscape executed in oil on canvas, reflecting his role as the founder of a modern Armenian national school of painting (Source 3). The work belongs to the Expressionist style, characterized by the artist’s use of oil paint not merely to deceive the eye with naturalistic illusion, but to express feeling through 'painted symbols' that remain true to the medium’s vitality (Source 1). Sarian’s practice during this period was influenced by his travels to Armenia and the Middle East, which served as primary inspiration for his landscapes and cityscapes (Source 3). As a member of the art association ‘The Four Arts’ in the 1920s, his work likely engaged with contemporary debates on color and form, utilizing the flexibility and rich density of oil paint to capture the atmospheric qualities of the urban environment (Source 2, Source 3).

estimated time

20-30 hours over 5-7 sessions

materials

6 items

steps

6 in sequence

materials

itempurposemodern equivalent
Oil paints (various pigments)Primary medium for expression; allows for rich, dense color and layering.—
Linseed oil or poppy seed oilBinder for pigments; provides flexibility and controls drying time.—
TurpentineThinner for initial layers and cleaning brushes.—
CanvasSupport surface, consistent with common oil painting practices of the era.—
Brushes (various sizes)Application of paint, from broad masses to finer details.—
Varnish (optional, for final protection)Protection and texture; may be created by boiling oil with resin.Dammar or synthetic resin varnish

preparation

surface prep

The canvas should be primed with a ground suitable for oil painting. While specific priming methods for this exact work are not detailed in the sources, standard practice for oil painting on canvas involves a gesso or oil-based ground to ensure proper adhesion and prevent oil from rotting the canvas fibers (Source 2). Sarian’s emphasis on the 'vitality possessed by the medium' suggests a preparation that allows for the full expressive capacity of the oil paint, avoiding overly absorbent surfaces that might dull the color (Source 1).

underdrawing

The sources do not explicitly describe Sarian’s underdrawing technique for this specific cityscape. However, general advice for oil painters suggests that a sound craftsman must first master the 'alphabet of our art' (Source 4). It is likely that a loose underdrawing was used to establish the composition of the 'nook' and architectural elements, serving as a guide for the subsequent application of color masses. Given the Expressionist style, the drawing may have been less rigid, allowing for more freedom in the final painted symbols (Source 1).

underpainting

An underpainting or grisaille may have been employed to establish tonal values before applying color. Source 5 describes a method of 'coloring a monochrome' where a grisaille is glazed and scumbled with oil. This technique allows the artist to focus on light and shadow first, then introduce color transparently. While not confirmed for this specific painting, this method aligns with the 'old masters' approach mentioned in Source 5, which Sarian, as a trained academician, would have been familiar with. Alternatively, he may have worked directly in color, leveraging the 'greater flexibility' of oil paint (Source 2).

color palette

Warm earth tones (ochres, umbers)

Natural earth pigments mixed with oil

Likely used for the stone architecture and shadows of old Yerevan, consistent with the city's materiality.

Vibrant accents (reds, yellows)

Pure pigments, possibly glazed

Sarian is known for his vivid color use; these may appear in details like window frames, fabrics, or lighting effects, reflecting his 'admiration of nature' and expressive style (Source 3, Source 1).

Cool tones (blues, greens)

Ultramarine, viridian, etc.

Shadows and atmospheric effects, utilizing the 'wider range from light to dark' offered by oil paint (Source 2).

White

Titanium or lead white

Highlights and lightening colors, though care must be taken to avoid hue shifts (Source 7).

composition

The composition focuses on a 'nook' of the city, suggesting an intimate, perhaps fragmented view of the urban landscape. Sarian’s works were inspired by his travels, and this piece likely captures a specific atmospheric moment rather than a panoramic vista (Source 3). The arrangement of elements would follow the principles of expressing feeling through 'painted symbols' rather than strict photographic realism (Source 1). The composition likely balances the solid forms of the buildings with the atmospheric effects of light and air, utilizing the 'subtlest effects of light and atmosphere' that oil paint can achieve (Source 1).

step by step

underdrawing→underpainting→first pass→refining→finishing→varnishing

underdrawing

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition of the nook, focusing on the major architectural forms and light/shadow divisions.

    Tip — Keep lines light and flexible, allowing for changes as the painting develops.

    Loose underdrawing

underpainting

  1. step 02

    Apply a thin layer of paint to establish tonal values. This could be a grisaille or a thin wash of color.

    Tip — Ensure this layer is dry before proceeding to avoid muddying the colors.

    Grisaille or wash

first pass

  1. step 03

    Begin applying color in broad masses, focusing on the local colors of the buildings and sky.

    Tip — Use the 'greater flexibility' of oil paint to adjust values and hues as needed (Source 2).

    Alla prima or layering

refining

  1. step 04

    Add details and refine the edges. Use glazing and scumbling to adjust colors and create atmospheric effects.

    Tip — Glazing adds transparency and depth; scumbling adds texture and opacity. Be mindful of 'simultaneous contrast' of colors (Source 6).

    Glazing and scumbling

finishing

  1. step 05

    Review the painting for overall harmony and expression. Make final adjustments to ensure the 'painted symbols' convey the intended feeling.

    Tip — Remember that the goal is not to 'deceive the eye' but to express the artist's consciousness (Source 1).

    Final adjustments

varnishing

  1. step 06

    Once the painting is completely dry, apply a varnish for protection and to enhance the depth of the colors.

    Tip — Use a varnish made from oil and resin, as described in historical practices (Source 2).

    Varnishing

critical techniques

Glazing

Applying transparent layers of color to modify underlying tones. This technique allows for rich, luminous colors and is consistent with the 'old masters' approach mentioned in Source 5.

Scumbling

Applying semi-opaque paint over a dry layer to create texture and modify color. This can be used to create 'grey blooms' or soften edges (Source 5).

Simultaneous Contrast

Being aware that adjacent colors affect each other's appearance. This is crucial for achieving harmony and accurate color perception in the final work (Source 6).

Expressive Symbolism

Using color and form not for literal representation but to express the artist's feeling and consciousness. This is central to Sarian's Expressionist style (Source 1).

common pitfalls

  • →Attempting to create a photographic illusion rather than an expressive interpretation. Source 1 warns against 'misdirected effort' on deceiving the eye, emphasizing that art is an 'expression of feeling' (Source 1).
  • →Over-mixing colors, which can lead to dull, muddy tones. Source 7 notes that mixing pigments often darkens and lowers chroma, so care should be taken to maintain vibrancy (Source 7).
  • →Ignoring the properties of the medium. Source 1 stresses the importance of understanding the 'vital qualities' of oil paint and using them to advantage (Source 1).
  • →Failing to account for color contrast. Source 6 highlights the risk of seeing colors inaccurately due to 'mixed contrast' and 'simultaneous contrast' (Source 6).

what the sources don't tell us

Where the corpus is silent, we say so rather than guess. These are the gaps a complete recreation guide would normally cover that our source passages don't.

  • ·Specific pigments used by Sarian for this painting are not listed in the sources.
  • ·The exact dimensions of the canvas are not provided.
  • ·Detailed information on Sarian's specific brushwork or stroke style for this cityscape is not available in the provided texts.
  • ·The specific lighting conditions (time of day, weather) depicted in 'A nook of old Yerevan' are not described in the sources.

grounded in

The technical procedure in this guide traces to the following classical art-instruction texts.

  • The Practice and Science of Drawing↗

    • XX MATERIALS — applied to Overview, critical techniques (expressive symbolism), common pitfalls
  • The Practice of Oil Painting↗

    • ON COPYING — applied to Underdrawing (general craft advice)
    • COLOURING A MONOCHROME — applied to Underpainting, critical techniques (glazing, scumbling)
  • Laws of Contrast of Colour↗

    • 315-318 — applied to Critical techniques (simultaneous contrast), common pitfalls

cross-referenced from

Named facts about this artwork and artist were checked against these reference pages.

  • Wikipedia: Oil painting↗

    • part 1 — applied to Materials list, surface prep, step-by-step process (varnishing)
  • Wikipedia bio — Martiros Sarian↗

    • part 1 — applied to Overview, artist context, inspiration
  • Wikipedia: Color theory↗

    • part 6 — applied to Color palette, common pitfalls (mixing colors)

Read more about the corpus on the sources page and how the guides are built on the methods page.

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