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Thunderstorm by Carl Spitzweg

plate no. 3337

Thunderstorm

Carl Spitzweg, 1870

oil, panelBiedermeierlandscapehousetreeswaterfigurelandscapesky
some experience helpful

This painting is great for learning how to create atmospheric perspective and how to suggest detail rather than rendering every leaf or brick. It also provides practice in mixing muted colors and creating a sense of depth through layering.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 8 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes of the house, trees, and water, paying attention to the overall composition.

  2. step 02

    Block in the sky with a thin wash of muted purple and brown.

  3. step 03

    Establish the dark values of the trees and foliage using a mix of burnt umber and ultramarine blue.

  4. step 04

    Paint the house, starting with the roof, using a mix of yellow ochre and burnt sienna.

  5. step 05

    Add the lighter values to the house and the reflections in the water with titanium white.

  6. step 06

    Develop the details of the foliage and the figures, using small brushstrokes and varying the color temperature.

  7. step 07

    Refine the reflections in the water, paying attention to the distortion and movement.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to create depth and dimension.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · yellow ochre · titanium white

secondary · ultramarine blue · burnt sienna

Mix burnt umber and ultramarine blue for dark greens and browns. Use yellow ochre and burnt sienna for the house and foliage. Add titanium white to lighten colors and create highlights.

techniques

  • ·scumbling
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·broken color

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details and losing the overall atmospheric effect.
  • →Using colors that are too bright or saturated.
  • →Not paying attention to the values and creating a flat, lifeless painting.
  • →Making the reflections too perfect and unnatural.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·burnt sienna oil paint
  • ·#4 round brush
  • ·#6 flat brush

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·odorless mineral spirits

Use a limited palette to achieve color harmony. Consider using a toned canvas to create a more unified effect.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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