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home·artworks·Arts and Science
Arts and Science by Carl Spitzweg

plate no. 9285

Arts and Science

Carl Spitzweg, 1880

oil, canvasBiedermeiergenre paintingbuildingsfiguresstreet scenearchitecturecityscapepigeons
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in rendering complex architectural details and capturing the subtle variations in light and shadow to create depth and atmosphere. It also provides practice in depicting figures in a realistic and engaging manner within a bustling environment.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
2

study guide

est. 25 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Begin with a light sketch outlining the main shapes and perspective of the buildings.

  2. step 02

    Establish the basic color blocks for the buildings, sky, and ground, focusing on the overall value structure.

  3. step 03

    Gradually build up the details of the architecture, paying attention to the intricate ornamentation and window placements.

  4. step 04

    Add the figures, starting with their basic shapes and then refining their forms and clothing.

  5. step 05

    Introduce the smaller details such as the signs, flower boxes, and pigeons.

  6. step 06

    Refine the lighting and shadows to enhance the three-dimensionality of the scene.

  7. step 07

    Add final touches and highlights to bring the painting to life.

  8. step 08

    Glaze with thin layers to unify the colors and create a sense of atmosphere.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · yellow ochre · titanium white · Prussian blue

secondary · cadmium red · viridian green · ultramarine blue

Achieve the building colors by mixing burnt umber, yellow ochre, and titanium white in varying proportions. Use Prussian blue and burnt umber to create the darker shadows and greens.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·rendering details

common pitfalls

  • →Getting lost in the details too early without establishing the overall composition and value structure.
  • →Failing to create a convincing sense of depth and atmosphere.
  • →Overworking the details and losing the spontaneity of the brushwork.
  • →Inaccurate perspective of the buildings.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·Prussian blue oil paint
  • ·#2 round brush
  • ·#6 flat brush
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·turpentine

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider toning the canvas with a thin wash of burnt umber before starting.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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