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home·artworks·The Prophet Isaiah (detail from the Isenheim Altarpiece)
The Prophet Isaiah (detail from the Isenheim Altarpiece) by Matthias Grünewald

plate no. 4705

The Prophet Isaiah (detail from the Isenheim Altarpiece)

Matthias Grünewald, 1516

oil, panelNorthern Renaissancereligious paintingfigurebookrobebeardprophetreligious
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in rendering drapery, creating depth with value, and capturing the texture of aged paper and fabric. It also provides practice in portraiture and conveying a sense of solemnity.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes and proportions of the figure, book, and background.

  2. step 02

    Establish the main light and shadow areas using a mid-tone wash.

  3. step 03

    Begin building up the darker values in the background and the shadows on the figure.

  4. step 04

    Add highlights to the robe, face, and book to create form.

  5. step 05

    Refine the details of the face, beard, and hands.

  6. step 06

    Carefully render the text and details on the book pages.

  7. step 07

    Adjust the overall values and add final details to create a sense of depth and realism.

  8. step 08

    Glaze with thin layers to unify colors and create a sense of age.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · ivory black

secondary · yellow ochre · titanium white

Achieve the warm, aged tones by mixing burnt umber with raw sienna and small amounts of yellow ochre. Use ivory black sparingly to create deep shadows. Titanium white is used for highlights and to lighten the base colors.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·underpainting

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Using too much white, resulting in a chalky appearance.
  • →Ignoring the subtle color variations within the limited palette.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·assorted round and flat brushes

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·damar varnish
  • ·retouch varnish

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to speed up the underpainting process.

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