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home·artworks·Samuel Bullitt Churchill
Samuel Bullitt Churchill by George Caleb Bingham

plate no. 4923

Samuel Bullitt Churchill

George Caleb Bingham, 1839

oilNaïve Art (Primitivism)portraitportraitfigurelandscapeclothingskymountains
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, particularly in capturing likeness and creating realistic skin tones. It also provides practice in blending and layering techniques to achieve subtle gradations of light and shadow.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Create a light sketch outlining the basic shapes and proportions of the figure and background.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main areas of color, starting with the background and then moving to the figure's clothing and skin.

  3. step 03

    Begin to refine the facial features, paying close attention to the placement and shape of the eyes, nose, and mouth.

  4. step 04

    Develop the values in the face, using highlights and shadows to create depth and dimension.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the clothing, such as the folds and creases in the fabric.

  6. step 06

    Refine the background landscape, adding details to the mountains, sky, and vegetation.

  7. step 07

    Add final highlights and details to the entire painting.

  8. step 08

    Varnish the painting for protection and to enhance the colors.

color palette

primary · ivory black · titanium white · burnt umber · cadmium red light

secondary · yellow ochre · ultramarine blue · raw sienna

Skin tones can be achieved by mixing white, red, yellow ochre, and a touch of burnt umber. Dark areas are created by adding black and umber to the base colors. The background is a mix of umber, blue, and white.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·blending
  • ·layering
  • ·value study
  • ·scumbling

common pitfalls

  • →Incorrect proportions of facial features
  • →muddy skin tones
  • →overblending
  • →neglecting the background
  • →lack of contrast

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·oil paints
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·assorted brushes
  • ·palette knife

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel
  • ·painting rags
  • ·mahl stick

Use a medium-tooth canvas for best results. Allow each layer of paint to dry before applying the next.

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