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home·artworks·Nativity (detail from the cental right Crucifixion panel of the Isenheim Altarpiece)
Nativity (detail from the cental right Crucifixion panel of the Isenheim Altarpiece) by Matthias Grünewald

plate no. 8615

Nativity (detail from the cental right Crucifixion panel of the Isenheim Altarpiece)

Matthias Grünewald, 1515

oilNorthern Renaissancereligious paintingfigurebabyreligiousportraitlandscapehalo
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, particularly rendering skin tones and drapery, and understanding the use of light and shadow to create form.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Create a preliminary sketch outlining the main figures and composition.

  2. step 02

    Block in the background with broad strokes, focusing on the overall color and value.

  3. step 03

    Establish the base skin tones for the figures, paying attention to the subtle variations in color.

  4. step 04

    Begin layering and blending the skin tones to create a smooth, lifelike appearance.

  5. step 05

    Paint the drapery, focusing on the folds and shadows to create a sense of volume.

  6. step 06

    Add details to the faces, such as the eyes, nose, and mouth, using small brushes.

  7. step 07

    Refine the background and add any remaining details, such as the halo and landscape elements.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to enhance the overall depth and realism.

color palette

primary · red · yellow ochre · titanium white · ultramarine blue

secondary · burnt umber · raw sienna · cadmium yellow

Mix skin tones using white, yellow ochre, and a touch of red and blue. Create shadows by adding burnt umber. The red drapery is achieved by mixing a deep red with a touch of black for shadows and white for highlights.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·blending
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·underpainting

common pitfalls

  • →Overmixing colors, resulting in muddy tones.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure early on.
  • →Getting lost in details before establishing the overall form.
  • →Ignoring the subtle color variations in skin tones.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·Stretched canvas (18x24 inches)
  • ·Acrylic or oil paints
  • ·Round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·Flat brushes (sizes 8, 10)
  • ·Palette
  • ·Palette knife
  • ·Odorless mineral spirits or water (depending on paint type)
  • ·Linseed oil or acrylic medium

optional

  • ·Retarder medium
  • ·Varnish
  • ·Easel

Use high-quality paints for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to simplify the underpainting process.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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