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home·artworks·The Philosopher
The Philosopher by Ernest Meissonier

plate no. 1883

The Philosopher

Ernest Meissonier, 1878

oilAcademicismgenre paintingfigureinteriorbooksfurniturecarpettable
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in rendering textures, depicting light and shadow on complex forms, and creating a sense of depth in an interior space. It also provides practice in capturing the likeness of a person in a relaxed pose.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 25 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Begin with a light sketch to establish the overall composition and proportions.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main shapes and colors, focusing on the large areas of the figure, table, and background.

  3. step 03

    Establish the light source and begin to build up the values, paying attention to the shadows and highlights.

  4. step 04

    Refine the details of the figure, including the face, hands, and clothing.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the table and the objects on it, such as the books, vase, and flowers.

  6. step 06

    Work on the background, adding the patterns and textures of the wall and carpet.

  7. step 07

    Continue to refine the details and adjust the values until the painting is complete.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to create a sense of depth and realism.

color palette

primary · red · green · brown · white

secondary · gold · blue · yellow · grey

Mix various shades of red by combining a base red with browns, whites, and blacks. Achieve the green of the tablecloth by mixing blues and yellows, then adjust with browns and whites for subtle variations.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·rendering fabric
  • ·portraiture

common pitfalls

  • →Getting the proportions of the figure wrong.
  • →Failing to create a sense of depth.
  • →Overworking the details.
  • →Not paying enough attention to the values.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·Stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·Oil paints: red, green, brown, white, blue, yellow, black
  • ·Assorted brushes (round and flat)
  • ·Palette
  • ·Linseed oil
  • ·Odorless mineral spirits
  • ·Palette knife
  • ·Rags

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·easel

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to help establish the values.

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