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home·artworks·The Great Day of His Wrath
The Great Day of His Wrath by John Martin

plate no. 0650

The Great Day of His Wrath

John Martin, 1853

oil, canvasRomanticismreligious paintingrocksfiguresfirelightningskydestruction
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students understand dramatic lighting and atmospheric perspective, as well as how to create a sense of depth and scale. It also provides practice in rendering complex textures and forms with loose brushwork.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
5
compositional simplicity
2

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes and composition, focusing on the large rock formations and the overall layout.

  2. step 02

    Establish the darkest darks and lightest lights to create a strong value structure.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main color areas, starting with the warm tones of the fire and sky.

  4. step 04

    Begin layering and blending colors to create depth and atmosphere.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the rock formations, using dry brush techniques to create texture.

  6. step 06

    Paint the figures in the foreground, simplifying their forms and focusing on their gestures.

  7. step 07

    Refine the lighting and add highlights to create a sense of drama.

  8. step 08

    Add final details, such as lightning strikes and small figures in the distance.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · cadmium red · titanium white

secondary · ultramarine blue · yellow ochre

Achieve the dark, earthy tones by mixing burnt umber with ultramarine blue. Create the fiery colors by blending cadmium red with yellow ochre and titanium white. Use white to create highlights and atmospheric effects.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·chiaroscuro

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details and losing the overall sense of atmosphere.
  • →Failing to create a strong value structure, resulting in a flat and unconvincing image.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated, which can detract from the dramatic effect.
  • →Not simplifying the forms of the figures, making them appear too detailed and distracting.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·cadmium red oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·painting medium

Use a high-quality canvas and oil paints for best results. Consider using a painting medium to improve the flow and blending of the paints.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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