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home·artworks·The Evening of the Deluge
The Evening of the Deluge by John Martin

plate no. 2491

The Evening of the Deluge

John Martin, 1828

oilRomanticismreligious paintingfigureswaterrocksstormskylightning
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in dramatic value contrast and rendering complex textures with limited color palette. It also provides practice in depicting dynamic movement and atmospheric perspective.

technical profile

palette complexity
2
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
5
compositional simplicity
2

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Begin with a light sketch to establish the overall composition and placement of major elements.

  2. step 02

    Block in the darkest areas with a diluted dark gray or black.

  3. step 03

    Gradually build up the mid-tones, focusing on the shapes of the rocks, water, and figures.

  4. step 04

    Use a dry brush technique to create texture in the rocks and turbulent water.

  5. step 05

    Add highlights to emphasize the dramatic lighting and create a sense of depth.

  6. step 06

    Refine the details of the figures and the lightning strikes.

  7. step 07

    Pay attention to the atmospheric perspective, making distant elements lighter and less defined.

  8. step 08

    Add final touches and adjust values as needed to achieve the desired mood.

color palette

primary · ivory black · titanium white

secondary · payne's gray · raw umber

Achieve various shades of gray by mixing black and white in different ratios. Use raw umber to add warmth and depth to the darker areas. Payne's gray can be used for subtle cool tones in the sky and water.

techniques

  • ·dry brushing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·value studies
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·grisaille

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Creating muddy or flat-looking grays.
  • →Ignoring the atmospheric perspective and depth.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·round brushes (various sizes)
  • ·flat brushes (various sizes)
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·mineral spirits

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·painting medium
  • ·easel

A toned canvas (light gray) can be helpful for establishing values quickly.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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