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home·artworks·Ramapo Hills
Ramapo Hills by David Johnson

plate no. 2353

Ramapo Hills

David Johnson, 1876

oilRomanticismlandscapelandscapetreesskycloudsfieldfigure
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in atmospheric perspective and layering techniques to create depth. It also provides practice in rendering realistic foliage and cloud formations.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, paying attention to the placement of the horizon line and the main tree.

  2. step 02

    Block in the sky with light blues and grays, blending softly to create cloud formations.

  3. step 03

    Establish the dark mass of the distant trees, gradually lightening the values as you move towards the foreground.

  4. step 04

    Paint the large tree, focusing on the shapes of the leaves and branches, and varying the greens.

  5. step 05

    Add the base layer of the field with a mix of greens and browns, establishing the overall tone.

  6. step 06

    Layer in details of the field, including highlights, shadows, and small flowers, using smaller brushes.

  7. step 07

    Add the figures in the background with minimal detail.

  8. step 08

    Refine the details and adjust values to create a sense of depth and atmosphere.

color palette

primary · ultramarine blue · raw umber · titanium white · yellow ochre

secondary · burnt sienna · sap green · cadmium yellow light

Mix different shades of green by combining yellow ochre, ultramarine blue, and raw umber. Use white to lighten values and create atmospheric perspective.

techniques

  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·layering
  • ·blending
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·scumbling

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details in the background, which can flatten the image.
  • →Using too much bright green, which can make the painting look unnatural.
  • →Ignoring the subtle value shifts in the sky and clouds.
  • →Failing to establish a clear focal point.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·oil paints
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·flat brushes (sizes 4, 8)
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·palette knife

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel
  • ·rags

Use a medium-tooth canvas for better texture. Consider using a limited palette to simplify color mixing.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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