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home·artworks·Napoleon I in 1814
Napoleon I in 1814 by Ernest Meissonier

plate no. 4830

Napoleon I in 1814

Ernest Meissonier, 1862

oil, panelAcademicismportraitfigurehorseskycloudslandscapeportrait
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in depicting realistic figures and animals, as well as capturing atmospheric effects through subtle color variations and brushwork. It also provides practice in creating a focal point within a complex composition.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 30 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the proportions of the horse and figure.

  2. step 02

    Establish the dark and light values of the sky and landscape with thin washes.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main colors of the horse, figure, and background.

  4. step 04

    Develop the form of the horse and figure with layers of paint, paying attention to light and shadow.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the figure's clothing and accessories.

  6. step 06

    Refine the background details, such as the distant figures and landscape elements.

  7. step 07

    Create texture in the sky and foreground with visible brushstrokes.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to enhance the sense of depth and realism.

color palette

primary · ivory black · titanium white · raw umber · burnt sienna

secondary · cadmium red · ultramarine blue · yellow ochre

Mix various shades of gray and brown by combining black, white, umber, and sienna. Use small amounts of red and blue to create subtle color variations in the sky and landscape.

techniques

  • ·grisaille underpainting
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·chiaroscuro

common pitfalls

  • →Incorrect proportions of the horse or figure
  • →Overly smooth or blended brushstrokes
  • →Lack of depth in the landscape
  • →Inaccurate color mixing
  • →Ignoring the light source

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·oil paints
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·#2 round brush
  • ·#6 flat brush
  • ·#10 filbert brush

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·painting medium
  • ·varnish

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to simplify the initial stages of painting.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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