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Luke White by Gilbert Stuart

plate no. 4222

Luke White

Gilbert Stuart, 1787

oilRococoportraitportraitfigureclothingoval framehistorical
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, including accurate proportions and rendering of skin tones, as well as understanding of light and shadow to create form.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Lightly sketch the oval frame and the basic proportions of the figure, paying attention to the head angle and shoulder placement.

  2. step 02

    Block in the large shapes of color: the background, the jacket, the face, and the hair.

  3. step 03

    Begin refining the skin tones, using subtle color variations to create form and highlight.

  4. step 04

    Add details to the clothing, including the ruffles and buttons, and the folds in the jacket.

  5. step 05

    Work on the hair, using short, broken strokes to suggest texture and volume.

  6. step 06

    Refine the background, adding subtle variations in tone to create depth.

  7. step 07

    Add the final details, such as the highlights in the eyes and the subtle shadows on the face.

  8. step 08

    Glaze the painting with a thin layer of medium to unify the colors and add a subtle sheen.

color palette

primary · ultramarine blue · titanium white · burnt umber · cadmium yellow

secondary · alizarin crimson · ivory black

Skin tones are achieved by mixing white, yellow, red, and a touch of umber. The jacket is a mix of blue and black, lightened with white. The background is a mix of umber and yellow.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·blending
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro

common pitfalls

  • →Getting the proportions of the face wrong.
  • →Overworking the skin tones and making them look muddy.
  • →Failing to create enough contrast between the light and shadow areas.
  • →Not blending the colors smoothly enough.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·oil paints
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·palette
  • ·assorted brushes
  • ·palette knife

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·easel

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A medium-grain canvas will provide a good surface for painting.

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