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Hilltown by Robert Spencer

plate no. 8045

Hilltown

Robert Spencer

oilImpressionismcityscapebuildingscityscaperivertreesfiguressky
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in loose brushwork and color mixing to create atmospheric perspective. It also provides practice in simplifying complex architectural forms into basic shapes.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
5
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 10 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes of the buildings, river, and sky, focusing on composition.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main color areas for the sky, buildings, water, and foliage using thin washes.

  3. step 03

    Start building up layers of color on the buildings, using short, broken brushstrokes to suggest texture and light.

  4. step 04

    Add details to the river, using horizontal strokes to indicate the flow of water and reflections.

  5. step 05

    Develop the foliage with a variety of greens and yellows, using dabbing and stippling techniques.

  6. step 06

    Add the figures along the riverbank, simplifying their forms and focusing on their silhouettes.

  7. step 07

    Refine the details of the buildings and bridge, paying attention to the play of light and shadow.

  8. step 08

    Add final touches and highlights to bring the painting to life.

color palette

primary · titanium white · ultramarine blue · yellow ochre · burnt umber

secondary · cadmium yellow · viridian green · cadmium red

Mix various shades of gray and brown by combining burnt umber, ultramarine blue, and titanium white. Achieve greens by mixing ultramarine blue and cadmium yellow, adjusting the ratio for different shades.

techniques

  • ·broken color
  • ·impasto
  • ·scumbling
  • ·wet-on-wet blending
  • ·atmospheric perspective

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details of the buildings
  • →Creating muddy colors by overmixing
  • →Failing to establish a clear focal point
  • →Ignoring the importance of light and shadow

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·#6 round brush
  • ·#8 flat brush
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·turpentine
  • ·medium gloss

Use a medium-textured canvas to enhance the effect of the brushstrokes. Consider using a limited palette to simplify color mixing.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →color theory for painters →how to learn by studying the masters →
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