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home·artworks·Counter-Reformation
Counter-Reformation by Jaroslav Čermák

plate no. 0459

Counter-Reformation

Jaroslav Čermák, 1854

oil, canvasAcademicismhistory paintingfigureschildreninteriorarchitectureclothinghistorical
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in figure drawing, composition, and rendering light and shadow in a complex scene. It also provides practice in creating a narrative through visual elements.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
2

study guide

est. 40 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Create a preliminary sketch to establish the composition and proportions of the figures and architectural elements.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main shapes and values using a limited palette of earth tones.

  3. step 03

    Develop the background figures and architectural details, paying attention to atmospheric perspective.

  4. step 04

    Refine the figures in the foreground, focusing on accurate anatomy and facial expressions.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the clothing and accessories, using subtle variations in color and texture.

  6. step 06

    Establish the light source and create highlights and shadows to define the forms.

  7. step 07

    Glaze thin layers of color to create depth and richness.

  8. step 08

    Add final details and highlights to bring the painting to life.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · ivory black · titanium white

secondary · yellow ochre · cadmium red · ultramarine blue

Mix various shades of brown and gray by combining the primary colors. Use yellow ochre and cadmium red to create warm skin tones. Add ultramarine blue to darken shadows and create cool tones.

techniques

  • ·figure drawing
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·glazing
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·portraiture

common pitfalls

  • →Incorrect proportions of figures
  • →Overworking details in the background
  • →Inconsistent light source
  • →Muddy color mixing

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·oil paints
  • ·turpentine
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·palette
  • ·assorted brushes
  • ·palette knife

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·easel

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Allow each layer to dry completely before applying the next.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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