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home·artworks·A River Mill Town
A River Mill Town by Robert Spencer

plate no. 3246

A River Mill Town

Robert Spencer

oilImpressionismcityscapecityscaperiverbuildingsbridgefiguresboats
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in layering colors to create depth and texture, as well as simplifying complex scenes into manageable shapes and forms. Students will also learn how to create a sense of atmosphere and light through subtle color variations.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the bridge, buildings, and river.

  2. step 02

    Establish the horizon line and the overall perspective.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main color masses for the sky, buildings, water, and foreground.

  4. step 04

    Begin layering colors to create depth and texture in the buildings and bridge.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the figures and boats, simplifying their forms.

  6. step 06

    Refine the reflections in the water, using broken brushstrokes.

  7. step 07

    Adjust the values and colors to create a sense of atmosphere and light.

  8. step 08

    Add final details and highlights to complete the painting.

color palette

primary · burnt sienna · ultramarine blue · titanium white · yellow ochre

secondary · viridian · cadmium red light · raw umber

Mix various shades of brown and gray by combining burnt sienna, ultramarine blue, and white. Use yellow ochre to create warm highlights and viridian to add cool tones to the water and sky.

techniques

  • ·broken color
  • ·layering
  • ·scumbling
  • ·wet-on-dry blending
  • ·atmospheric perspective

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details and losing the overall impressionistic effect.
  • →Creating muddy colors by overmixing.
  • →Failing to establish a clear focal point.
  • →Ignoring the importance of atmospheric perspective.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·oil paints
  • ·palette
  • ·palette knife
  • ·assorted brushes (round and flat)
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·rags

optional

  • ·painting medium
  • ·easel
  • ·varnish

Use a medium-grit canvas to achieve a textured effect. Consider using a limited palette to simplify the color mixing process.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →color theory for painters →how to learn by studying the masters →
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