
plate no. 1894
Caspar David Friedrich, 1825
Recreating this painting will help students understand the use of chiaroscuro and how to create a sense of depth using light and shadow. It also provides practice in rendering subtle tonal variations within a limited color palette.
technical profile
approach — 8 steps
Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the window, figure, and doorway.
Establish the darkest areas of the painting with a dark brown or black.
Block in the areas of light with a thin wash of yellow ochre and white.
Gradually build up the tones in the shadows, using mixtures of brown, black, and a touch of blue.
Refine the details of the figure, paying attention to the way the light falls on her.
Add the highlights on the window frame and the floor, using pure white.
Blend the edges of the light and shadow to create a soft, atmospheric effect.
Add final details, such as the texture of the curtains and the floorboards.
color palette
primary · yellow ochre · burnt umber · ivory black · titanium white
secondary · Prussian blue · cadmium yellow
Achieve the subtle grays and browns by mixing burnt umber, ivory black, and white in varying proportions. Add a touch of Prussian blue to cool down the shadows.
techniques
common pitfalls
surface · stretched canvas
required
optional
Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Allow each layer to dry before applying the next.
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