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home·artworks·Woman and Her Goats in the Dunes
Woman and Her Goats in the Dunes by Max Liebermann

plate no. 4924

Woman and Her Goats in the Dunes

Max Liebermann, 1890

oil, canvasImpressionismgenre paintingfiguregoatslandscapedunesfieldsky
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in depicting figures in a landscape and using loose brushwork to create texture and atmosphere. It's also a good exercise in limited color palette painting.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 10 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the figure and goats.

  2. step 02

    Block in the large areas of color: sky, field, and the figure's clothing.

  3. step 03

    Develop the values in the sky and field, creating a sense of depth.

  4. step 04

    Add details to the figure, paying attention to the folds in the clothing and the highlights on the face.

  5. step 05

    Paint the goats, focusing on their form and the patterns of light and shadow.

  6. step 06

    Refine the brushwork, adding texture and detail to the landscape.

  7. step 07

    Add final highlights and shadows to create a sense of realism.

  8. step 08

    Glaze with thin layers to unify the colors and add depth.

color palette

primary · yellow ochre · raw umber · titanium white · ivory black

secondary · sap green · burnt sienna

Mix greens by combining yellow ochre, raw umber, and a touch of black. Achieve the darker tones in the figure's clothing by mixing ivory black and raw umber. Use white to lighten the colors for highlights.

techniques

  • ·broken color
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·glazing
  • ·alla prima

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details and losing the loose, impressionistic feel.
  • →Creating muddy colors by overmixing.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Ignoring the subtle color variations in the landscape.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·Stretched canvas 12x16
  • ·Oil paints: yellow ochre, raw umber, ivory black, titanium white, sap green, burnt sienna
  • ·Palette
  • ·Assorted brushes (round and flat)
  • ·Odorless mineral spirits
  • ·Linseed oil
  • ·Palette knife
  • ·Rags

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel
  • ·mahl stick

Use a medium-grit canvas for better texture. Consider using a limited palette to simplify the color mixing process.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →color theory for painters →how to learn by studying the masters →
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