Wave

Begin with a tonal underpainting using burnt umber to establish dark storm clouds and water masses

Block in the basic sky composition with purple-gray storm clouds, leaving areas for lighter breaks

Paint the distant mountains using cooler purples and blues for atmospheric perspective

Establish the horizon line and basic wave structure with mid-tone blue-greens

Add the translucent wave foam using careful layering of white mixed with pale blues and greens

Develop the dramatic sky with layered clouds, blending warm and cool grays

Add the small ships as dark silhouettes for scale and narrative interest

Refine wave details and foam patterns with final highlights and transparency effects