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home·artworks·Virgin Mary
Virgin Mary by El Greco

plate no. 0667

Virgin Mary

El Greco, 1585

oil, canvasMannerism (Late Renaissance)religious paintingfigureportraitreligious figurehaloclothing
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, particularly in rendering skin tones and drapery, as well as understanding light and shadow to create depth and form.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
5

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Lightly sketch the basic shapes and proportions of the figure, focusing on the head, shoulders, and the outline of the veil.

  2. step 02

    Establish the background with a thin layer of dark gray, paying attention to the halo effect around the head.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main areas of color: the skin tones, the blue of the veil, the black of the hair, and the white of the collar.

  4. step 04

    Begin layering and blending the skin tones, focusing on capturing the subtle variations in light and shadow.

  5. step 05

    Work on the drapery, creating folds and highlights in the veil and collar using lighter shades of blue and white respectively.

  6. step 06

    Refine the facial features, paying close attention to the eyes, nose, and mouth, and adding subtle details.

  7. step 07

    Add the final highlights and details, such as the subtle glow of the halo and the texture of the fabric.

  8. step 08

    Glaze the painting with thin layers of color to unify the tones and add depth.

color palette

primary · ivory black · titanium white · ultramarine blue · yellow ochre

secondary · burnt umber · raw sienna · cadmium yellow light

Skin tones are achieved by mixing white, yellow ochre, and a touch of burnt umber. The blue of the veil is created by mixing ultramarine blue with white and a touch of black for shadows. The halo is a mix of white and cadmium yellow light.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·glazing
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·blending
  • ·scumbling

common pitfalls

  • →Getting the proportions of the face wrong.
  • →Over-blending the skin tones, resulting in a flat, lifeless appearance.
  • →Failing to capture the subtle variations in light and shadow.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated, resulting in an unnatural look.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider using a toned canvas to help establish the background color.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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