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home·artworks·Two Fighting Hummingbirds with Two Orchids
Two Fighting Hummingbirds with Two Orchids by Martin Johnson Heade

plate no. 6004

Two Fighting Hummingbirds with Two Orchids

Martin Johnson Heade, 1875

oilRomanticismanimal paintinghummingbirdsorchidsjunglelandscapeflowersmountain
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in blending subtle color transitions and creating atmospheric perspective. It also offers practice in rendering fine details, especially in the flowers and birds.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the orchids, hummingbirds, and the mountain in the background.

  2. step 02

    Establish the background with broad washes of muted greens, blues, and grays, creating a sense of depth and atmosphere.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main shapes of the orchids, paying attention to their form and the direction of light.

  4. step 04

    Add details to the orchids, including the subtle color variations and the texture of the petals.

  5. step 05

    Paint the hummingbirds, focusing on their dynamic poses and the iridescent colors of their feathers.

  6. step 06

    Develop the foreground foliage with layers of greens, browns, and blacks, creating a sense of depth and texture.

  7. step 07

    Refine the details throughout the painting, paying attention to the interplay of light and shadow.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and details to bring the painting to life.

color palette

primary · titanium white · viridian green · ultramarine blue · burnt umber

secondary · alizarin crimson · cadmium yellow · raw sienna

Achieve the subtle greens by mixing viridian green with burnt umber and titanium white. Create the orchid colors by mixing titanium white with alizarin crimson and ultramarine blue. Use thin glazes to build up depth and luminosity.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·blending
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·scumbling

common pitfalls

  • →overworking the details too early
  • →creating muddy colors by overmixing
  • →failing to establish a strong value structure
  • →not paying attention to the direction of light

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·viridian green oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·alizarin crimson oil paint
  • ·assorted brushes (round and flat)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·damar varnish
  • ·odorless mineral spirits

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Consider using a medium to thin the paint and improve flow.

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