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home·artworks·Twenty Minutes Past Three
Twenty Minutes Past Three by Tom Roberts

plate no. 4814

Twenty Minutes Past Three

Tom Roberts, 1886

oilImpressionismgenre paintingfigureinteriorlamptablefurnitureroom
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students understand how to depict light and shadow in an interior scene and how to create a sense of depth using color and value.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the figure, table, and lamp.

  2. step 02

    Establish the overall color scheme with a thin wash of warm reds and browns for the background and floor.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main shapes of the figure's dress, using a mix of blues and whites.

  4. step 04

    Define the light source (the lamp) and begin to build up the highlights and shadows on the table and surrounding objects.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the figure, such as the collar and sleeves, paying attention to the way the light falls on them.

  6. step 06

    Refine the details of the furniture and other objects in the room, using small brushstrokes to create texture.

  7. step 07

    Adjust the values and colors throughout the painting to create a sense of depth and atmosphere.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and details to the lamp and the objects on the table.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · ultramarine blue · titanium white

secondary · yellow ochre · cadmium red

Mix burnt umber and ultramarine blue to create the dark shadows. Use titanium white to lighten the blues and create highlights on the dress. Mix yellow ochre and cadmium red to create the warm glow of the lamp.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·blending

common pitfalls

  • →Failing to establish a strong light source.
  • →Overworking the details and losing the overall sense of atmosphere.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated and not blending them properly.
  • →Incorrect proportions of the figure and furniture.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·cadmium red oil paint
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retouch varnish

Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Consider using a limited palette to simplify the color mixing process.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →color theory for painters →how to learn by studying the masters →
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