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home·artworks·The Water Cart
The Water Cart by Thomas Stuart Smith

plate no. 9888

The Water Cart

Thomas Stuart Smith, 1860

oilRomanticismanimal paintingcattlewaterfigurestreesskylandscape
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in atmospheric perspective and capturing reflections in water. It also provides practice in depicting animal forms and figures in a landscape setting.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the cattle, figures, and trees.

  2. step 02

    Establish the sky with broad strokes of blue and gray, creating a cloudy effect.

  3. step 03

    Block in the dark masses of the trees and foliage, using a mix of greens and browns.

  4. step 04

    Paint the water, capturing the reflections of the sky and surrounding landscape.

  5. step 05

    Add the cattle and figures, paying attention to their proportions and details.

  6. step 06

    Refine the details of the trees and foliage, adding highlights and shadows.

  7. step 07

    Adjust the values and colors throughout the painting to create a sense of depth and atmosphere.

  8. step 08

    Add final details, such as the ripples in the water and the texture of the cattle's fur.

color palette

primary · ultramarine blue · burnt umber · yellow ochre · titanium white

secondary · raw sienna · payne's gray

Mix blues and whites for the sky, browns and yellows for the cattle, and greens from blues, yellows, and browns for the foliage. Use white to lighten values and create highlights.

techniques

  • ·wet-on-wet blending
  • ·scumbling
  • ·broken color
  • ·atmospheric perspective

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details, resulting in a stiff and unnatural appearance.
  • →Failing to capture the reflections in the water accurately.
  • →Ignoring the atmospheric perspective, causing the background to appear too sharp.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated, resulting in a garish and unrealistic effect.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 12x16
  • ·oil paints
  • ·round brushes (#2, #6)
  • ·flat brushes (#4, #8)
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·palette knife

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel
  • ·rags

Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Consider using a limited palette to simplify the color mixing process.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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