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home·artworks·The North Gate of the Citadel
The North Gate of the Citadel by Christen Kobke

plate no. 1698

The North Gate of the Citadel

Christen Kobke, 1834

oil, canvasRomanticismlandscapebridgebuildingstreesfiguresskygate
some experience helpful

This painting provides practice in creating atmospheric perspective and rendering realistic brick textures. Students will also learn how to depict figures in a landscape setting with accurate proportions and lighting.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
2
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the perspective of the bridge and buildings.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main shapes and colors of the sky, trees, and buildings with thin washes.

  3. step 03

    Establish the light and shadow patterns on the buildings and bridge.

  4. step 04

    Begin adding details to the brickwork, using varying shades of brown and gray.

  5. step 05

    Paint the figures, paying attention to their proportions and clothing details.

  6. step 06

    Refine the foliage of the trees, using small brushstrokes to create texture.

  7. step 07

    Add the final details, such as the reflections in the water and the small figures in the distance.

  8. step 08

    Adjust the overall color balance and value contrast to create a sense of depth and atmosphere.

color palette

primary · raw umber · titanium white · ultramarine blue

secondary · burnt sienna · yellow ochre · cadmium red light

Mix various shades of brown and gray for the brickwork by combining raw umber, burnt sienna, and titanium white. Create the sky by blending ultramarine blue and titanium white, adding a touch of yellow ochre for warmth.

techniques

  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·brick texture
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·linear perspective

common pitfalls

  • →Incorrect perspective of the bridge and buildings
  • →Overly harsh or unrealistic color choices
  • →Lack of detail in the brickwork
  • →Poorly proportioned figures

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·raw umber oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·burnt sienna oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel

Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Thin the oil paints with linseed oil for smoother blending.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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