plate no. 3697

Storming of the Teocalli by Cortez and His Troops

oilRomanticismhistory paintingbattlesoldierstemplefigureshistorical eventarmor

advanced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in figure drawing, complex composition, and rendering realistic textures like metal and fabric. It also provides practice in creating dynamic movement and dramatic lighting.

technical profile

palette complexity

brushwork visibility

value contrast

compositional simplicity

study guide

est. 40 hrs

approach — 8 steps

step 01
Begin with a light sketch to map out the overall composition and placement of major figures and the temple.
step 02
Establish the background sky and the general color tone of the temple structure.
step 03
Block in the main figures, focusing on their poses and proportions, using simplified shapes and values.
step 04
Start adding details to the figures, including clothing, armor, and facial features, working from general to specific.
step 05
Develop the lighting and shadows to create depth and drama, paying attention to the direction of the light source.
step 06
Refine the details of the temple, adding textures and architectural elements.
step 07
Add final highlights and details to the figures and objects to enhance realism and visual interest.
step 08
Review the overall composition and make any necessary adjustments to balance the elements and create a cohesive image.

color palette

primary · burnt umber · raw sienna · titanium white · cadmium red

secondary · ultramarine blue · yellow ochre · ivory black

Achieve skin tones by mixing burnt umber, raw sienna, and titanium white, adjusting proportions for different complexions. Mix ultramarine blue and burnt umber for dark shadows and metal tones.

techniques

·figure drawing
·chiaroscuro
·glazing
·scumbling
·atmospheric perspective

common pitfalls

→Getting lost in the details too early without establishing the overall composition.
→Failing to accurately depict the proportions and anatomy of the figures.
→Creating a flat, lifeless image by neglecting the importance of light and shadow.
→Overworking the painting and losing the freshness and spontaneity of the initial sketch.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

·stretched canvas (24x36 inches)
·oil paints (burnt umber, raw sienna, titanium white, cadmium red, ultramarine blue, yellow ochre, ivory black)
·linseed oil
·turpentine
·assorted brushes (round, flat, filbert)
·palette
·palette knife
·rags